1. What are one or two most pressing needs... Tooling up. There is a large segment of educators who need fundamental familiarity with computers. Computers are not the answer and interface is not the answer. Today, we need to get the bulk of those who will be using this new tool up to a level of competence that will allow them to independently explore the potential. Guidance. There seems to be some motion towards connectivity, but it has a tendency towards haphazardness. This is where consortia can shine. But there must be incentives. What's to keep each school district from using e-rate funds to become their own ISP? I don't think this is the intention of the act. 2. How do the needs of schools and libraries differ... Budget. Libraries are outrageously underfunded for telecommunications. They must rely almost entirely on grants and such for any technological enhancements. They also have no room for technical support and generally rely on volunteers. Liability. Both libraries and schools must address this problem, though the enforcement of policy is easier at schools. What recourse does a library have when some unknown actor compromises their internet connection. This is tied to budget. Librarians do not have the time or resources to keep on top of this activity. 3. How do the needs of rural schools and libraries differ from rural... Most urban locations have the latest telecommunications services available and most likely have an established networking structure either in place or in planning. Why? Because the money was there. We have a location that involves two area codes and three phone companies between us and a district. This would create a tendency for that district to go it alone for their connectivity rather than aggregate with a provider and other districts. Maybe aggregation should be done at an area-code level. Roger Damon Program Coordinator ARIN IU 28