"Should there be cash grants or vouchers available directly to schools or school districts?" I think the universal service procedure should be left alone. As I understand it, the telcos put in and the telcos take out; the parties receiving service are not in the financial loop. Schools and districts should not have to increase their business office tasks in order for the schools to be connected. "Should there be an "E-rate" (educational rate) defining special discounts for schools and libraries?" Yes, but beyond the rate concept, consideration should be given to virtually free access (no line charge) in order to connect our classrooms to the world. "Should school districts have to complete state-approved technology plans in order to qualify for Universal Service subsidies?" No. Districts may require schools to develop plans to satisfy local concerns that planning is in place, but we don't need an extra layer of bureaucracy to review school/district plans to see if they are "acceptable". While I know that planning is important, I also know that planning is sometimes a substitute for doing. At this stage, we need more doers! "How should one define a bona fide request for telecommunications services? What minimal justifications should a school, library or school district have to offer in support of such a request?" I think a district/telco line of communication would work. Schools connected (with help from the local telco) to a central point (district) could be served by the appropriate telco connection. As the usage increases, the level of service could be modified. "Should Universal Service subsidies extend to groups which provide educational materials or support for educational organizations, such as universities and colleges or community centers?" Yes, the telcos should be able to tap the pot to cover connections to these agencies. Rates should also be adjusted to help provide "universal" service.