I just spoke to Jamie Rubin, who has been serving as the Federal Communication Commission's coordinator for Universal Service issues affecting schools and libraries. There are, as we suspected, no official application forms available at the present time. Draft forms have been circulated for final approval, and the forms themselves should be available in no more than 3 weeks time. Check the FCC Web site http://www.fcc.gov to get copies of these forms once they have been released. Along with the forms will come detailed rules for completing your application. In our conversation I raised some of the issues which have come up in the Universal Service: Pennsylvania online seminar, particular the concern of rural librarians that the program may be too administratively burdensome to make participation worthwhile. The response was that the program certainly aims not be to burdensome and that applications from smaller groups should be particularly simple to complete. A suggested resource was the American Library Association or similar trade groups. While I don't want to downplay the fact that the lateness of official word on details of the Universal Service discount program has made it harder for schools and libraries to plan for their participation, I think it's important to underscore the fact that we are dealing with fairly responsive bureaucracies - at both the state and federal level. Using the Internet, communities such as the one formed by participants in the US:PA seminar can effectively develop joint strategies and communicate these strategies to the people who make the rules or run the programs which affect these communities. Where there are flaws in the design of the programs, we can fix them; and where there are difficulties in the implementation of a program, we can create mechanisms which make things run more smoothly. The key to making this work is that members of the community should speak up about their concerns. If you simply wait upon the agencies to promulgate rules, you run the risk that these rules will be difficult to work with. If you voice your concerns earlier in the process, you can shape the rules so that they make compliance easy. In the context of this seminar, this means that you should say what you are thinking. Summaries of the seminar will be used by the Pennsylvania Public Utility Commission and the Pennsylvania Department of Education to shape future policy in this area. So don't be shy in the time remaining in the seminar. Thanks, Bob Carlitz