[1] Federal-State Joint Board on Universal Service, Notice of Proposed Rulemaking and Order Establishing Joint Board, FCC 96-93, adopted and released March 8, 1996 and amended by Order released April 1, 1996, DA-96-483 (hereinafter "NPRM").

[2] 47 U.S.C. [[section]] 254.

[3] Pub. L. 103-66, Title VI, [[section]] 6002. Codified at 47 U.S. C. [[section]] 332(c).

[4] Compare RSSM Comments, at 2-8, with Comments of Personal Communications Industry Association ("PCIA"), at 7-8; Cellular Telecommunications Industry Association ("CTIA"), at 3-4, 6-7; Airtouch Communications, Inc., at 3-5.

[5] See, e.g., Comments of America's Carriers Telecommunications Association, at 4, 12-13; Ameritech, at 23-24; Competitive Telecommunications Association, at 15; ICORE Companies, at 18-19; Illinois Commerce Commission, at 9; LDDS Worldcom, Inc., at 23; Pacific Telesis, at 8, 20-21; and United States Telephone Association ("USTA"), at 24.

[6] RSSM Comments, at 10-12.

[7] See, e.g., definitions of universal service standards in Comments of Ameritech, at 6-7; Bell Atlantic, at 7-8; Bellsouth Corp., at 5-6; and Sprint Corp., at 7-8.

[8] 47 U.S.C. [[section]] 254(c)(1).

[9] 47 U.S.C. [[section]] 214(e).

[10] See Comments of CTIA, at 3; Comsat, at 12.

[11] In this connection, RSSM does not address the merits of PCIA's argument that broadband CMRS could qualify for universal service funding. PCIA Comments, at 16. Messaging services do not meet the definition of broadband CMRS.

[12] 47 U.S.C. [[section]] 254(c)(1).

[13] See Comments of US West, Inc., at 16-18; USTA, at 24.

14 See Telecommunications Relay Service and the Americans With Disabilities Act of 1990, Third Report and Order, 8 FCC Rcd 5300 (1993).

[15] 47 U.S.C. [[section]] 255.