Should there be cash grants or vouchers available directly to school districts or schools? No. I think the funding should come as a "rebate" to the service provider. Schools will pay a reduced rate for service and the service provider can collect the rebate. Should there be an "E-rate" (educational rate) defining special discounts for schools and libraries? Yes. There must be an "E-Rate" if rebate system suggested above is to be used. Should school districts have to complete state-approved technology plans in order to qualify for Universal Service subsidies? NO! In a perfect world I suppose it would be nice. But after more than 30 years in public education I know how such plans are developed (and not followed) and how they are "approved". Such a requirement would provide one more large obstacle to getting students on-line and would cost additional unwarranted expense. In New York for example - who at the state level will approve plans from over 700 school districts - especially now that our SED has been downsized three times? One last point. Many times school administrtion is indifferent and it is a teacher or librarian who has "caught the fire" that makes things happen. Heaping the requirement of a school plan on top of them would be enough to snuff the fire out. How should one define a bona fide request for telecommunications services? It seems to me that all a school district need do is contact a service provider of its choice and request services it requires at the "E-Rate". Perhaps, as mentioned in a previous post, the "E-Rate" may be modified for each school district depending upon wealth to help satisfy the equity issue. Should Universal Service subsidies extend to groups which provide educational materials or support for educational organizations, such as universities and colleges or community centers? NO! Again - in a perfect world this would be nice. But the world is not Willie Wonka's Chocolate Factory. We are dealing with limited resources which should be focused for the specific intent of the legislation. We will have difficulty enough spreading the thin glaze of subsidies around schools and libraries without having to spread it any further. Paul Preuss PPreuss@Herkimer-BOCES.moric.org Phone: 315 867 2007 FAX: 315 867 2024