Universal access could be interpreted to mean a digital replacement for the telephone system... paid (or supplemented) by federal funding. In schools, the planned end use of the connectivity is critical. Chats and personal email are great, but is that the business of this federal program? In schools, the instructional integration must be planned before or come in tandem with the connectivity. In the public library, the issue of commercialization of the connectivity must be addressed and resolved. From the home, the connectivity issue balloons into a question of freedom or control.... ***************************************************************************** Richard Valley "Wired and ready!" 700 Ridge Road Work (319) 382-3643 Decorah, IA 52101 Fax (319) 382-3107 (319) 382-4506 Richard_Valley@mail.decorah.k12.ia.us - or - valleyri@martin.luther.edu *****************************************************************************